27.10.17
The Pushchair NOT the Baby
20.10.17
Scooby Doo
6.10.17
RIP Liam Coughlan
11.9.17
Recipe time: veggie sandwich
DW
11th September 2017
29.8.17
American Food
22.8.17
Leek and Potato Soup
7.8.17
The Cost of Light!
You will find more statistics at Statista
Fascinating stuff!
DW
13.5.17
Air Malawi: welcome back
21.4.17
Welcome to this Blog: Excel with ExcelMaster
Visitors to this Blog come from all over the world and all are equally welcome. I abhor what has happened to George Floyd and I stand in solidarity behind the movement for greater peace and equality
27th October 2020: Logit regression is the order of the day today. If you are using 0 and 1 style dummy variables in a regression model then you need to read my page on this subject and then experiment with the four examples in my Excel file, also downloadable.
5th October 2020: As is often the way with this blog, there are no posts for a while and then three posts come along in three days. This time, I am sharing my PowerPoint Slide Deck that shows how to get Excel materials into a PowerPoint Presentation. There are probably a few more ways than you thought possible.
4th October 2020: I have significantly updated my page on Gantt Charts. This makes the page easier to read and it demonstrates the use of Microsoft 365 and not a much older version of Excel. There is an Excel file to download with the page, too.
3rd October 2020: Covid-19 has brought out the idea of exponential growth and yet the term is being abused. I have created a page called Exponential that illustrates some of the Covid-19 data and contrasted that with an Exponential modelling template. There is a video to go with this page and an Excel file.
22nd August 2020: Dates in Excel can be a right royal PITA, can't they. Here is a sorry tale with a happy ending. Dates downloaded that were formatted either as General or Date ... both formats in the same column. Read here how to solve such a problem.
31st July 2020: Today I did something really interesting with Data Tables/Dynamic Array Functions. I was answering question about compound interest and then decided to answer it by using a Data Table and then I used the new SEQUENCE() function, a dynamic Array Function, too. That gave me three different ways of answering the question.
I tried an experiment and bulk copied some of my work from Quora ... bad idea as they all copied over as pages and had no title ... not helpful.
16th June 2020: There is no page on this blog for this, just follow this link for a fantastic Excel resource. There are links that are good for Excel and links that point out weaknesses and dangers of Excel. As far as I know, all links are free of charge and be ready, some of the links are dead now.
5th June 2020: as promised, I have uploaded some specimen materials to my course outline page for my online courses. See the link in the 30th May entry ... my slides and my working Excel file. More to follow soon.
30th May 2020: I have been busy over the past month running online classes for a client and they have gone very well. The course was an Introduction to Financial Modelling and was a comprehensive guide to many of the tools available in Excel as well as reviews of modelling best practice and many other insights along the way. Here is my course outline and invitation to attend my other offerings online. I will be sharing some of my course materials here over the next few week and that will help you to make your decision to attend or miss out!
27th April 2020: the RANDARRY() is a huge leap forward for random number generation in Excel. I have created an extensive review of how to use the function here.
26th April 2020: The GESTEP function ... you use it every day, right? Me neither. I had never heard of it until an hour ago, so I created an example to show what it is and how it can work. Go to my page here.
22nd March 2020: Along with many other Excel bloggers, I am spending a lot of time on making Excel the go to software to gather, store and communicate the covid-19 data. I have done something that no one else is doing, again. I am demonstrating how to turn text into tables, pivot tables and pivot charts. You will hardly believe it's possible but you can see what I did and then download my Excel file and do it yourself. This will take you time to learn and set up but it takes just a minute a day to update. Here is my page on Data From Text
17th March 2020: If you are Irish, have as happy a St Paddy's Day as you can! Otherwise, two pages on the Append function in Power Query. Brilliant pages for everyone with page two being relatively advanced.
16th March 2020: Three new pages for you: How MIRR really works, Z Charts and COVID-19 and Long mathematical equations in Excel
7th March: This is a treat for anyone who is using Power Query and needs some relatively advanced insights into using them to create Pivot Tables and Pivot Charts, when using Connection Only Queries. There is neither video nor Excel file but the page is so good and has such good graphics that the keen reader will not mind that they are not here! Go to this page ... Pivot Table for a Connection Only Query?
6th March: [Data.Format.Error]We couldn't convert to number ... If you ever receive this error message when creating a Query in Excel or Power BI, you might find there is not enough help on the internet to help you ... until now! Read this page for the solution.
5th March 2020: this is a moderately interesting problem you might come across. See the page entitled Percentages Disappeared from Power Query to see what can happen when Excel chooses the wrong Data Type for you. It also shows you how to correct that mistake.
3rd March 2020: this is epic! Sorting a Pivot Table by TWO columns. It cannot be done ... until you find Helgi and www.stackoverflow.com and she helps you to achieve the impossible. Read on!
7th February 2020: Here is a fascinating article: fascinating for two reasons. Reason one is that I have used some of the latest new Excel functions, RANDARRAY() AND XLOOKUP(). Reason two is that I caught someone out in a porky pie by means of programming a spradsheet. Go and have a look at Infinite Monkey or Porky Pie. You will also learn about the infinite monkey theorem while you are there!
23rd January 2020: I have previously written three pages on Sparklines and here is a fourth: it's fascinating and so easy to do. However, if Sparklines are new to you, do note the links to the other three pages at the bottom of the page of this latest post. Have fun with Sparklines! Sparklines with the Camera Tool.
16th January 2020: I started this blog in 2011 and since then, this is where you all come from ... a map showing where my blog is viewed from and I have highlighted the top ten countries. Looks like I cover the world!

15th January 2020: You know that I am a regular contributor to www.quora.com. A couple of weeks ago, I was invited to open and use what they call a Space: it's essentially a blog inside Quora. You will see that I put things there that could easily go here. So, do yourself a favour by following this link and signing up with me there as well as here ... meaning you will miss nothing!
5th January 2020: Happy new year to everyone, first of all! Here is something you might not have seen yet. If you take a look at the Review Ribbon in your version of Excel you might see something new: in the Proofing section on the left of the ribbon there is something called Workbook Statistics ... click on it and see what it tells you about the file you are currently in. Is it useful? Will you use it? Who will use it? Also today, I have added a new page, on the very important topic of Accessibility in Excel: that page is here
12th December 2019: A video ... a video and a file to download. How to use a checklist to solve the problem of dirty data. It's a smaller problem than I have dealt with before, so we did not need to use Power Query. Still, solving these problems is a skills that we all need. The file is here where the video and Excel file are waiting for you!
6th December 2019: Today's contribution to this blog is a page I have written on the XOR function. This is something of an odd function since I don't think I have seen it in action. Never mind that, it is not difficult to use and understand and there are clearly many uses for it. As a bonus, I have included the ISODD() and ISEVEN() functions in this article and, hot on the heels of yeseterday's post on IF, IFS and CHOOSE, this is a totally topical page! You can find the page here and there is an Excel file to download, too.
5th December 2019: If you have ever wondered about the use of Nested IF, IFS and CHOOSE, look no further because I just created a page for you. Two of the examples are easy and the third example is much more of a challenge. Go here to see the page https://excelmaster.co/nested-if-ifs-and-choose/
5th November 2019 For the benefit of all Brits ... have a happy and safe Bonfire Night. Secondly, look out for my NEW page, Quora Questions. Just scroll down from here and you will see the heading, just click it to open and read what I am doing. Simple concept with some very useful ideas.
26th September 2019: I have created this page to show how I went from an image on a web page, via OCR software, to a relatively sophiticated Excel file creation that uses Data Types ... Stocks, Excel Tables, Pivot Tables, Conditional Formatting and more.
13th September 2019: a fantastic page on corporate bonds and their analysis. How to program a table using dates, the IF(), AND(), MONTH(), YEAR() functions and arithmetical calculations. If you find difficulty using dates, consider this page.
11th September 2019: a friendly introduction to the setting up and use of a Training/Testing Model in Excel. It is an introduction but it is a good one. The page does not, however, carry out any detailed analysis of the validity of the model you will read about. The data are real and you can replicate what I have done very easily. The page is here.
22nd August 2019: As you all know, this site is free of charge and always will be. Every now and again, I announce something like the publication of one of my books. Sometimes my books are not free of charge because they are professionally published. Whilst that is true of my latest book, it IS free of charge, at least for a while. The title of the book is EXCEL POWER QUERY, AN INTRODUCTION: BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE PART I.Click on the title to go to the site where you can download it free of charge.
1st August 2019: I have already created two pages (Flash Fill, Flash Fill and Quick Analysis) on Flash Fill, both for Excel and for Power Query and here is another one. In this case, I am introducing even more ideas on how Flash Fill (FF) can be used very effectively. Firstly, by using FF to extract, combine, extract and combine; and secondly, I watched a video of a highly respectable Excel practitioner who tried to sell us the idea that there are times when FF is just not good enough and neither is Power Query: in that case, he said, use a formula ... he demonstrated a relatively complex formula. The formula worked but I am showing here that that presenter is wrong and that FF will do exactly what we want without programming anything.
14th July 2019: A different approach but the same quality. I have just posted my latest two videos to YouTube. Video 1 is about Flash Fill and Quick Analysis in Excel. Video 2 is about Flash Fill in Power Query and Quick Analysis in Excel. The aim is to illustrate how it is possible, even with dirty data, to create a basic dashboard within 10 minutes! Video 1 ... Video 2
19th June 2019: BOOKS ... Since I was last here, I have completed writing two books on Excel and I will announce publication details here when I have them. The first book is the fourth in my Excel Solutions for Accountants series and the second book is the first in the series on Power Query, Power Pivot, Power BI. These books are the only things I talk about here that are not free of charge.
CASES ... in addition to books, I create case studies and for courses I am running at the moment, I am sharing four such cases with you, in a PDF file. There are two cases on financial analysis, one case on budgeting for buying and running a private jet and a case on exchange rates. Look at the page to see the outline of each case and what you need to know about Excel to work through them.
5th May 2019: If you are serious about learning VLOOKUP in the Power Query and Power Pivot environments, look no further. I have created two videos, one of PQ and one for PP to help you. Just go to this page and take a look at my detailed explanations.
20th March 2019: One file, two videos. This page outlines what I did after downloading some World Health Organisation data on DTP3 vaccinations (Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis), covering the period 1980 to 2017. From a health point of view, what you see here is fantastic. From an Excel point of view, what you see is intermediate level but there are enough features illustrated to make it well worth your while to take a look at it! The page is here
6th March 2019: This page ends with an Excel file but it is really a discussion of how I created some Power BI files that I then used to create the Excel files by copying M Language code from one to another. What I describe here is magical and I have used the departures and arrivals information for both of Bangkok's two international airports as the basis of my work. The page you want is here and there are two bare bones Excel files to download ... Word Press will not allow me to share Power BI files, I am sorry to say.
15th February 2019: Let's watch a video! I have created a video showing you how to use Data Types Stocks to pull in share prices, Beta values, market capitalisations of potentially thousands of different companies from around the world. There is a video to watch and a spreadsheet to download. The page is here: Data Types ... Stocks
7th February 2019: I know you have read my pages on Sparklines and therefore you know how clever they can be and how you can format the cells they are in, you can add text/formulas to the cell they are in. Well, now, you are about to learn to use Conditional Formatting Icons in them. As far as I know, you can find this technique nowhere else on the web! Here is the link to the page Sparklines with ICONS
9th January 2019: This is a fabulous page ... not because I am so brilliant but because I have just learned how to combine array constants with a VLOOKUP function. It has been around for years but it just filtered down to me. You can thank me later! Here is the page you need: https://excelmaster.co/vlookup-with-array-constants/
8th January 2019: Happy New Year Everyone. Secondly, the purpose of this update is to share with you my solution to creating a histogram for any one of àbout 90 possible line items in a ratio analysis worksheet. The data relate to Netflix and comprise a ten year view of the ratios that come from the morningstar.com web site. The file also includes my Positive Skewness Test that I have recently started to program and use. There is a file to download too and if you find it useful, please tell me how you are using it. the file is here: https://excelmaster.co/one-histogram-90-choices/
If you'd like my help and guidance on something, just ask and I'll do what I can.
Duncan Williamson
Introduction for Absolute Beginners: Introduction to Excel for Absolute Beginners
Excel Files for Practice:
The basics of spreadsheeting 1
The basics of spreadsheeting 2
The basics of spreadsheeting 3
The basics of spreadsheeting 4
2.1.17
Tether, End of
A month or so ago I started feeling grotty and very quickly realised I probably had a fever. I saw a doctor immediately and he treated me.
The next two days were as expected but day three, when I normally expect to start feeling better, was the worst. Lethargy, fever, generally grotty. The following days were better.
However, things have not really improved and yesterday I lost some hearing in my left ear. Today I got some more medicines since the ear infection follows on from my bronchitis and sore throat.
It really has been a bad month and a bad start to the year.
DW
20.12.16
Michaela Finnegan

This is the tale of Michaela Finnegan who grew whiskers on her chin ne gan.
Who would ever have thought that I would be writing yet another doggy obituary? After all, Stewart died after a car accident and all other dogs are either dead or just too lazy to get into any bother ... that's you Pongo and Slutty!
Well, I was wrong. Here is a photo of the tiny Thai Ridgeback that Siri found for us as a replacement for Pongo: Pongo the lonely. So lonely she sent him back to be bone idle with Slutty.
After a couple of weeks I noticed that the Ridgeback has some rather nitty whiskers on its chin so I started singing ...
There was an old man
Called Michael Finnegan
He grew whiskers
On his chin-ne-gan
The wind came up and blew them in again
Poor old Michael Finnegan, Begin Again
He was meant to be an outside dog but she tried her hardest to get into the house at every possible opportunity. I stopped it. It made no difference,i t still tried. I was determined. It got in from time to time as if I weren't there!
Then we all left home for a while: I came away to work and Siri took a trip to Bangkok to meet me as I was passing through. Finnegan went to stay for a while at the Lazy P idle dogs home.
Things didn't work out: after a few days they found Finnegan with blood coming out of its ears and generally being in a bad way. They think one of the neighbouring dogs snapped at Finnegan and cracked its skull: chances are, that mutt was stealing Slutty and Pongo's food and Finnegan decided to join in. SNAP! Slutty and Pongo are both cowards and stealing their food is a breeze. Finnegan was far too young to sense any danger from anything so that was the end of that.
Three months old maybe and now in a downward spiral that would leave her dead fairly quickly. I had plans for that dog to be an outdoor and family dog. Abi played with Finnegan and Finnegan teased Abi by biting her feet with its needle like teeth. We played together, I threw it out of the house. We fed it. It slept outside. the poor thing never even had the chance to wear a tee shirt or scarf in the middle of a Thai Winter.
Sorry you had to go Finnegan but thanks for the entertainment while you were here!
DW
17.12.16
Low Fares? Define Low
I don't like AA ... that's an airline! They try to convince us that everyone can fly now because they are so cheap.
Well, because their competitors do not fly to KL on Sunday from Bangkok I had to choose them. Kerching! Low fare? Not at all! I could actually pay less with the other airlines AND have a meal AND not scratch around worrying about the weight of my luggage AND choose any seat that's available: from previous experience, they will give me a window seat, the worst possible option for me.
Then, due to misinformation from another carrier I found I had to change my flying time. SORRY, it's less than 48 hours to take off so you can't change that flight. So, horror of horrors, I had to buy a new ticket. Low fare? Free meal? Guaranteed baggage allowance? No, no, no. I consider this second ticket outrageously expensive and feel sad that I have had to break my vow of refusing to fly with this airline. Until recently, I had not flown with them for 2 or 3 years. I hope this is my last trip with them for a very long time.
16.12.16
Appalling Behaviour on a Newspaper Forum
8.11.16
Put the Bloody Phone Down or it Will Kill you
On our way to replace the driving licence I lost and as we were crossing the road a woman on a motorbike came round the corner and was driving right at me and Abi. The stupid woman was reading something on her phone as she rounded the corner and had not seen us.
I was ready to fend her off but she looked up, saw us and avoided us. I said to her, Watch where you're going and put your phone down!
How stupid and how dangerous that woman is.
25.10.16
Multi worksheet scenario model
This is on its way ... as promised ... I will upload it later today or early tomorrow.
Duncan Williamson
25.9.16
The Charge of the Light Brigade
22.9.16
Can I automate the functions found in the 'analysis ToolPak' in Microsoft Excel?
If you use Excel on a Mac the chances are that you are not running Excel 2016 for the Mac and that your Mac does not have the ToolPak at all … I know, older versions have it and I know you can get alternatives!
In that case, I often demonstrate to Mac users how to create and automate the functions in the ToolPak: correlation matrix, regression analysis, moving averages, descriptive statistics … the others as well!
Descriptive statistics, for example, could be, for data in column A:
=AVERAGE(A:A)
=STDEV(A:A)
=KURT(A:A) …
=SKEW(A:A)
and so on.
Other answers have mentioned statistics software packages and that’s fine except they might not be free! Yes, if you are a student, your college or university is likely to have statistics software free for you to use.
How about R and R Studio, however? Open source, free, with massive amounts of support? Of course, it takes time to learn R but here is the code for some descriptive statistics using the psych package in R:
describe(order_sales_profit$Sales)
That’s it! This is what I get from my current data set, sales values: not exactly the same as the ToolPak but my point is, it is very easy to replicate. Look at the screenshot of the output from R.
By the way, as a novice or beginner level user of Excel, there is a lot to learn from manually automating what’s in the ToolPak. Moreover, if you take my next learning point, use this opportunity to set up templates for you to analyse your data sets: that means, you automate the ToolPak elements once and that is it!
Finally, many elements of the ToolPak return non volatile results which means that if you change your data, you have to run the ToolPak again. If you automate it yourself, the formulas you create will all be volatile: change the data, change the answers!
Duncan Williamson
9.9.16
20.8.16
Top Tips: rules you really should follow
I have just completed another very successful Financial Modelling course and as you know, at the end of such courses, I come here and offer something new: a new topic, a new file or some advice. In this case, it is advice: things that you really need to think about when you create and work on any Excel file.
- Tab/Sheet Names
- Links
- Dead Cells 125,433 rows created but only 831 needed/active ... files that balloon to many Mb for no real reason
Ever seen a tab name like this: FBU or OPT? I bet you have: short and sweet and probably mnemonic so easy to read and remember. How about L_P_Obasange_receivables_dont_forget_to PRINT_it_out? You think I am joking? I am serious! Just imagine you are working on your file with the large tab name and you want to link to a cell on that tab from another one: this is what will appear in your formula, by way of an example ... =IFERROR(AND(A15=45,D26="Jack",L_P_Obasange_receivables_dont_forget_to PRINT_it_out!BA154 ...
I am sure you see the point now. Keep tab names short and simple! More than that, if you do feel the need to use tabs to give instructions, colour code them to pass such messages: there are many colours to choose from so do that. Have a table of contents too. Give everyone a chance for a simple life!
Links
If you share a file with someone, make sure any links in your file are either live or delete them. If you receive a file with links that you cannot use or update, you know how frustrating it is. Think of the user before you send linked files.
Dead Cells
It is the easiest thing in the world to create a worksheet and as you work and improve what you are doing, to delete cells and ranges. We all do that. We create new ranges too, don't we! Check your work now and again though and if these happen, take a break and check your file:
- it takes 30 seconds 45 seconds or even longer for the file to open
- what seems like a small file in terms of content and complexity has ballooned in size to 20 or 30 or more Mb
- saving the file takes an age too
If these things happen, go to a worksheet and press Ctrl+End and see where that takes you. You work only in the range A1: CD831 but Ctrl+End has taken you to CG125433 ... what? How did that happen?
Even if there are not as many as an additional 1.8 million cells but just 500,000, look in those cells for formulas that are trying to find something from somewhere that is not there ... in some of these extra cells for example. Delete all of these extra cells. I did that this week: an extra 1.8 million cells in TWO separate worksheets complete with formulas. File size down from 28 Mb to 0.8 Mb, opening time just seconds, recalculation time hardy noticeable.
They were just some of things to report on from this week. Otherwise, this group of delegates really enjoyed the work and their end of course presentations were interesting and showed that significant learning had taken place!
Duncan Williamson
This Week's Delegates
Here they are, the chosen few from my course in Ghana this week.
Good delegates, successful course: financial modelling.
DO
